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P. Rosemarie Komossa über einen Artikel aus der Zeitschrift w&v werben und verkaufen. medien. marken. kommunikation. das business & people magazin vom 30. März 2006. Und über das Cluetrain Manifesto - Das Ende des herkömmlichen Geschäfte-Machens, über das jüngst das Handelsblatt berichtete: 95 Thesen von Verbrauchern weltweit an die Unternehmen.
(Links öffnen in separatem Fenster.)
Ehrlichkeit statt Schein
Neue Marketing-Ausrichtung gefragt
Einer der Haupt-Aufmacher auf der Titelseite der Wochen-Fachzeitschrift werben und verkaufen/w&v vom 30. März spricht deutliche Worte und bringt viele Marketing-Leute und Werbungtreibende in einen Handlungsdruck, der alle Ebenen des eigenen Handelns, Denkens und Seins umfasst: Marketing: Neue Ehrlichkeit gefragt.
Auf der Basis eines Forschungsprojekts in der Unternehmenskommunikation der Universität Hohenheim unter dem Titel Glaubwürdigkeit Schlüssel zum Vertrauen kam jetzt in das Bewusstsein der Werbungtreibenden und der Werbebranche, was die Verbraucher selbst schon längst verinnerlicht haben und auch schon deutlich leben: In der Gesellschaft vollzieht sich derzeit ein moralischer Wandel eine ,neue Ehrlichkeit setzt sich durch. Die Folge: Konsumenten verlangen von Unternehmen mehr Offenheit. Das Forschungsprojekt zeigt alarmierende Zahlen: Das Vertrauen der Öffentlichkeit in die Wirtschaft im Allgemeinen und in Unternehmen im Besonderen ist erschüttert. Lediglich knapp ein Viertel der Bundesbürger glaubt, dass Unternehmen ihre Mitarbeiter und die Öffentlichkeit offen informieren. Nur der Politik stellen die Deutschen ein noch schlechteres Zeugnis aus. Für Unternehmen sei diese Erosion des Vertrauens alarmierend, sind Vertrauen und Glaubwürdigkeit doch zentrale Eckpfeiler ihrer Existenz.
Die Werbungtreibenden und die Werbewirtschaft
müssen jetzt reagieren.
Doch die Frage ist: Wie? Kann eine Agentur, kann ein Unternehmen, deren Gebaren das Gegenteil von Glaubhaftigkeit und Transparenz waren, nämlich ein Verhalten aggressiver denn je (so die w&v) können diese von jetzt auf sofort ihren Umgang mit den Verbrauchern ändern? Funktioniert das überhaupt als Agentur, als Unternehmen, wenn man Glaubwürdigkeit, Transparenz und Offenheit nicht wirklich von innen heraus selbst gelebt hat und es jetzt ganz plötzlich doch leben muss um zu über-leben?
Ehrlichkeit muss von innen heraus gelebt werden, sonst bleibt sie reiner Werbefaktor und Lippenbekenntnnis und das spüren die Verbraucher heute deutlich.
Helmut Maucher, Ehrenpräsident der Nestlé AG in Frankfurt, sagt in einem Interview über Kommunikationsfehler von Unternehmen und Agenturen mit Deutlichkeit: Sie (die Unternehmen) haben sich und ihre Investoren wichtiger genommen (als ihre Kunden). Viele erkennen nun, dass das ein Fehler war und sprechen von ,customer orientation, einem angeblichen neuen Trend. Das ist doch zum Lachen. Diese ,customer orientation müsste doch das Fundament allen wirtschaftlichen Handelns sein. Und: Der Wille zur Ehrlichkeit muss von ganz oben kommen, als zentraler Punkt der Unternehmenspolitik. Er muss in alle Kanäle dringen, er muss das Produkt, die PR und die Werbung durchtränken. Eine klare, ehrliche Botschaft ist das Fundament für gute Markenpolitik und Werbung, wie sie heute von Verbrauchern verlangt werden.
Die großen Worte sind schon da, aber
Sieht man sich das Vokabular der vergangenen Jahre an, dann müsste man meinen, dass die neue Ehrlichkeit schon längst Einzug gehalten habe. Gegeizt wurde nicht mit Worten wie: Transparenz, Nachhaltigkeit, Vertrauen, Glaubwürdigkeit. Die w&v schreibt: Vollmundige Worte, mit denen nicht gespart wurde. Doch die Konsumflaute zwang Werbungtreibende, diese ehrbaren Vorhaben nach hinten zu schieben. Es galt, vorrangig um Firmenerhalt und Umsatz zu kämpfen. Deshalb wurden die Begriffe zwar als Lippenbekenntnis im Munde geführt jedoch das Gebaren (war) das Gegenteil von Glaubwürdigkeit und Transparenz es war aggressiver denn je.
Erst heute zeige sich das Ausmaß der Schäden, die durch dieses nur scheinbar ehrliche Verhalten in den letzten Jahren entstanden ist. Das Verhältnis zum Kunden hat stark gelitten.
Vertrauen, Glaubwürdigkeit und Ehrlichkeit sind Eckpfeiler der Existenz von Unternehmen. Wie lebt man diesen ehrlichen Weg, den die Verbraucher fordern?
Die Verbraucher heute fordern, sie verlangen den ehrlichen Weg daran lassen sie keinen Zweifel. Und sie zeigen dieses Verlangen mit Kaufverweigerung, wenn sie sich hintergangen, unehrlich behandelt fühlen. Sie können diesen ehrlichen Weg von den Unternehmen einfordern, denn sie haben heute mehr Entscheidungsmacht und -vollmacht als noch früher. Die Verbraucher sind nicht nur verschreckt sie sind auch aufgeklärter, selbstbewusster und kritischer denn je. Die Digitalisierung der Medien verändert die Kommunikationsregeln zu ihren Gunsten. Durch das Internet können sie sich heute weltweit über Testergebnisse und Beurteilungen von Produkten und Dienstleistungen informieren. Werbeglitter allein reicht nicht mehr, um ein Produkt oder eine Leistung zu verkaufen, wenn das Produkt oder die Leistung selbst dem ehrlichen Test nicht standhalten. Zu vollmundige Werbung, unwahre Werbeaussagen werden dann zum Bumerang und schlagen dem Unternehmen in Form von Glaubwürdigkeitsverlusten ins Gesicht.
Mission Statements: Schöne Worte müssen Realität werden
Außerdem informieren sich immer mehr Verbraucher über die Unternehmensleitlinien, das Mission Statement eines Unternehmens und darüber, ob es wirklich nach innen und außen gelebt wird. Schöne Worte allein reichen nicht. Das Handelsblatt brachte jüngst ein Interview mit David Weinberger, dem Mitautor des Cluetrain Manifesto - einer international stark beachteten Petition aus 95 Thesen, wie Menschen von Unternehmen behandelt werden wollen.
Auf die Frage der w&v an Hemut Maucher, ob denn die Unternehmen die richtigen Voraussetzungen besitzen, ehrlich mit ihren Kunden umzugehen, antwortet er: Why not? Mir soll keiner kommen mit Behauptungen wie ,ich würde ja schon gern, ich darf aber nicht.... Wenn Unternehmen es ernst meinen mit der Ehrlichkeit, dann müssen sie ihren ganzen Laden umprogrammieren. (...) Natürlich wollen wir verkaufen, aber wir müssen den Gesichtspunkt und die Wünsche unserer Kunden besser berücksichtigen. Und, abschließend: Eine echte Partnerschaft (mit dem Kunden) besteht nicht aus cleverem Überreden und reinem Durchdrücken von einseitigen Interessen. Unternehmen, so die w&v, sind also gut beraten, die eigene Glaubwürdigkeit mit Dialogangeboten zu stärken.
Cluetrain Manifesto: Vorlage für Unternehmensleitlinien
Das Cluetrain Manifesto liefert dafür 95 Anregungen, die vielen Unternehmen mächtig unter die Haut gehen können. Aber das Lesen des Cluetrain Manifesto kann auch eine große Chance sein, das Unternehmen und den Markt (die Verbraucher, oder besser: die Menschen) neu zusammenzubringen. (Nicht umsonst widmete das Handelsblatt dem Manifesto seine Aufmerksamkeit...) Deshalb kann Das-unter-die-Haut-Gehen der Anregungen ein Heilungs-Schmerz sein, der zu einem guten und neuen gemeinsamen Miteinander führt: einem menschlichen Miteinander zwischen Unternehmen und den Menschen, den Verbrauchern. Was allen Beteiligten und allen Seiten nützt. Denn letztendlich sind wir alle Menschen...
Aus dem Cluetrain Manifesto (übersetzt):
2. Märkte bestehen aus Menschen, nicht aus demographischen Bereichen.
3. Gespräche zwischen Menschen klingen menschlich. Sie werden in einer menschlichen Sprache geführt.
4. Ob Informationen übermittelt werden, Meinungen, Perspektiven, unterschiedliche Argumente oder lustige Einwürfe - die menschliche Stimme ist normalerweise offen, natürlich, ohne Hinterhalt.
27. Wenn sie (die Unternehmen) eine Sprache sprechen, die distanziert ist, nicht einladend, arrogant dann bauen sie Mauern auf, die den Markt auf Distanz halten.
34. Um mit einer menschlichen Stimme zu sprechen, müssen die Unternehmen die Anliegen ihrer (Ziel-)Gruppen teilen.
35. Aber zuerst müssen sie selbst überhaupt zu einer Gruppe gehören.
36. Die Unternehmen müssen sich fragen, wo ihre Unternehmenskultur endet.
37. Wenn ihre Unternehmenskultur aufhört, bevor die (Ziel-)Gruppen anfangen, dann werden die Unternehmen keinen Markt mehr haben.
95. Wir (die Verbraucher) wachen auf, und wir verbinden uns untereinander. Wir beobachten. Aber wir warten nicht.
Anhang: Das Cluetrain Manifesto
The Cluetrain Manifesto: The End of Business as Usual
http://www.cluetrain.com
Der gesamte Text des Cluetrain Manifesto kann kostenfrei gelesen werden (auf Englisch) unter: http://www.cluetrain.com/book/index.html
Auszüge und Erklärungen zum Manifesto:
A powerful global conversation has begun. Through the Internet, people are discovering and inventing new ways to share relevant knowledge with blinding speed. As a direct result, markets are getting smarter and getting smarter faster than most companies.
These markets are conversations. Their members communicate in language that is natural, open, honest, direct, funny and often shocking. Whether explaining or complaining, joking or serious, the human voice is unmistakably genuine. It cant be faked.
Most corporations, on the other hand, only know how to talk in the soothing, humorless monotone of the mission statement, marketing brochure, and your-call-is-important-to-us busy signal. Same old tone, same old lies. No wonder networked markets have no respect for companies unable or unwilling to speak as they do.
But learning to speak in a human voice is not some trick, nor will corporations convince us they are human with lip service about listening to customers. They will only sound human when they empower real human beings to speak on their behalf.
While many such people already work for companies today, most companies ignore their ability to deliver genuine knowledge, opting instead to crank out sterile happytalk that insults the intelligence of markets literally too smart to buy it.
However, employees are getting hyperlinked even as markets are. Companies need to listen carefully to both. Mostly, they need to get out of the way so intranetworked employees can converse directly with internetworked markets.
Corporate firewalls have kept smart employees in and smart markets out. Its going to cause real pain to tear those walls down. But the result will be a new kind of conversation. And it will be the most exciting conversation business has ever engaged in.
Markets are conversations. 95 Theses
1. Markets are conversations.
2. Markets consist of human beings, not demographic sectors.
3. Conversations among human beings sound human. They are conducted in a human voice.
4. Whether delivering information, opinions, perspectives, dissenting arguments or humorous asides, the human voice is typically open, natural, uncontrived.
5. People recognize each other as such from the sound of this voice.
6. The Internet is enabling conversations among human beings that were simply not possible in the era of mass media.
7. Hyperlinks subvert hierarchy.
8. In both internetworked markets and among intranetworked employees, people are speaking to each other in a powerful new way.
9. These networked conversations are enabling powerful new forms of social organization and knowledge exchange to emerge.
10. As a result, markets are getting smarter, more informed, more organized. Participation in a networked market changes people fundamentally.
11. People in networked markets have figured out that they get far better information and support from one another than from vendors. So much for corporate rhetoric about adding value to commoditized products.
12. There are no secrets. The networked market knows more than companies do about their own products. And whether the news is good or bad, they tell everyone.
13. Whats happening to markets is also happening among employees. A metaphysical construct called The Company is the only thing standing between the two.
14. Corporations do not speak in the same voice as these new networked conversations. To their intended online audiences, companies sound hollow, flat, literally inhuman.
15. In just a few more years, the current homogenized voice of business the sound of mission statements and brochures will seem as contrived and artificial as the language of the 18th century French court.
16. Already, companies that speak in the language of the pitch, the dog-and-pony show, are no longer speaking to anyone.
17. Companies that assume online markets are the same markets that used to watch their ads on television are kidding themselves.
18. Companies that dont realize their markets are now networked person-to-person, getting smarter as a result and deeply joined in conversation are missing their best opportunity.
19. Companies can now communicate with their markets directly. If they blow it, it could be their last chance.
20. Companies need to realize their markets are often laughing. At them
21. Companies need to lighten up and take themselves less seriously. They need to get a sense of humor.
22. Getting a sense of humor does not mean putting some jokes on the corporate web site. Rather, it requires big values, a little humility, straight talk, and a genuine point of view.
23. Companies attempting to position themselves need to take a position. Optimally, it should relate to something their market actually cares about.
24. Bombastic boasts We are positioned to become the preeminent provider of XYZ do not constitute a position.
25. Companies need to come down from their Ivory Towers and talk to the people with whom they hope to create relationships.
26. Public Relations does not relate to the public. Companies are deeply afraid of their markets.
27. By speaking in language that is distant, uninviting, arrogant, they build walls to keep markets at bay.
28. Most marketing programs are based on the fear that the market might see what's really going on inside the company.
29. Elvis said it best: We cant go on together with suspicious minds.
30. Brand loyalty is the corporate version of going steady, but the breakup is inevitable and coming fast. Because they are networked, smart markets are able to renegotiate relationships with blinding speed.
31. Networked markets can change suppliers overnight. Networked knowledge workers can change employers over lunch. Your own downsizing initiatives taught us to ask the question: Loyalty? What's that?
32. Smart markets will find suppliers who speak their own language.
33. Learning to speak with a human voice is not a parlor trick. It cant be picked up at some tony conference.
34. To speak with a human voice, companies must share the concerns of their communities.
35. But first, they must belong to a community.
36. Companies must ask themselves where their corporate cultures end.
37. If their cultures end before the community begins, they will have no market.
38. Human communities are based on discourse on human speech about human concerns.
39. The community of discourse is the market.
40. Companies that do not belong to a community of discourse will die.
41. Companies make a religion of security, but this is largely a red herring. Most are protecting less against competitors than against their own market and workforce.
42. As with networked markets, people are also talking to each other directly inside the company and not just about rules and regulations, boardroom directives, bottom lines.
43. Such conversations are taking place today on corporate intranets. But only when the conditions are right.
44. Companies typically install intranets top-down to distribute HR policies and other corporate information that workers are doing their best to ignore.
45. Intranets naturally tend to route around boredom. The best are built bottom-up by engaged individuals cooperating to construct something far more valuable: an intranetworked corporate conversation.
46. A healthy intranet organizes workers in many meanings of the word. Its effect is more radical than the agenda of any union.
47. While this scares companies witless, they also depend heavily on open intranets to generate and share critical knowledge. They need to resist the urge to improve or control these networked conversations.
48. When corporate intranets are not constrained by fear and legalistic rules, the type of conversation they encourage sounds remarkably like the conversation of the networked marketplace.
49. Org charts worked in an older economy where plans could be fully understood from atop steep management pyramids and detailed work orders could be handed down from on high.
50. Today, the org chart is hyperlinked, not hierarchical. Respect for hands-on knowledge wins over respect for abstract authority.
51. Command-and-control management styles both derive from and reinforce bureaucracy, power tripping and an overall culture of paranoia.
52. Paranoia kills conversation. Thats its point. But lack of open conversation kills companies.
53. There are two conversations going on. One inside the company. One with the market.
54. In most cases, neither conversation is going very well. Almost invariably, the cause of failure can be traced to obsolete notions of command and control.
55. As policy, these notions are poisonous. As tools, they are broken. Command and control are met with hostility by intranetworked knowledge workers and generate distrust in internetworked markets.
56. These two conversations want to talk to each other. They are speaking the same language. They recognize each others voices.
57. Smart companies will get out of the way and help the inevitable to happen sooner.
58. If willingness to get out of the way is taken as a measure of IQ, then very few companies have yet wised up.
59. However subliminally at the moment, millions of people now online perceive companies as little more than quaint legal fictions that are actively preventing these conversations from intersecting.
60. This is suicidal. Markets want to talk to companies.
61. Sadly, the part of the company a networked market wants to talk to is usually hidden behind a smokescreen of hucksterism, of language that rings false and often is.
62. Markets do not want to talk to flacks and hucksters. They want to participate in the conversations going on behind the corporate firewall.
63. De-cloaking, getting personal: We are those markets. We want to talk to you.
64. We want access to your corporate information, to your plans and strategies, your best thinking, your genuine knowledge. We will not settle for the 4-color brochure, for web sites chock-a-block with eye candy but lacking any substance.
65. Were also the workers who make your companies go. We want to talk to customers directly in our own voices, not in platitudes written into a script.
66. As markets, as workers, both of us are sick to death of getting our information by remote control. Why do we need faceless annual reports and third-hand market research studies to introduce us to each other?
67. As markets, as workers, we wonder why you're not listening. You seem to be speaking a different language.
68. The inflated self-important jargon you sling around in the press, at your conferences whats that got to do with us?
69. Maybe youre impressing your investors. Maybe youre impressing Wall Street. Youre not impressing us.
70. If you dont impress us, your investors are going to take a bath. Dont they understand this? If they did, they wouldnt let you talk that way.
71. Your tired notions of the market make our eyes glaze over. We dont recognize ourselves in your projections perhaps because we know were already elsewhere.
72. We like this new marketplace much better. In fact, we are creating it.
73. Youre invited, but its our world. Take your shoes off at the door. If you want to barter with us, get down off that camel!
74. We are immune to advertising. Just forget it.
75. If you want us to talk to you, tell us something. Make it something interesting for a change.
76. Weve got some ideas for you too: some new tools we need, some better service. Stuff wed be willing to pay for. Got a minute?
77. Youre too busy doing business to answer our email? Oh gosh, sorry, gee, well come back later. Maybe.
78. You want us to pay? We want you to pay attention.
79. We want you to drop your trip, come out of your neurotic self-involvement, join the party.
80. Dont worry, you can still make money. That is, as long as its not the only thing on your mind.
81. Have you noticed that, in itself, money is kind of one-dimensional and boring? What else can we talk about?
82. Your product broke. Why? Wed like to ask the guy who made it. Your corporate strategy makes no sense. Wed like to have a chat with your CEO. What do you mean shes not in?
83. We want you to take 50 million of us as seriously as you take one reporter from The Wall Street Journal.
84. We know some people from your company. Theyre pretty cool online. Do you have any more like that youre hiding? Can they come out and play?
85. When we have questions we turn to each other for answers. If you didnt have such a tight rein on your people maybe theyd be among the people wed turn to.
86. When were not busy being your target market, many of us are your people. Wed rather be talking to friends online than watching the clock. That would get your name around better than your entire million dollar web site. But you tell us speaking to the market is Marketings job.
87. Wed like it if you got what's going on here. Thatd be real nice. But it would be a big mistake to think were holding our breath.
88. We have better things to do than worry about whether youll change in time to get our business. Business is only a part of our lives. It seems to be all of yours. Think about it: who needs whom?
89. We have real power and we know it. If you dont quite see the light, some other outfit will come along thats more attentive, more interesting, more fun to play with.
90. Even at its worst, our newfound conversation is more interesting than most trade shows, more entertaining than any TV sitcom, and certainly more true-to-life than the corporate web sites weve been seeing.
91. Our allegiance is to ourselves our friends, our new allies and acquaintances, even our sparring partners. Companies that have no part in this world, also have no future.
92. Companies are spending billions of dollars on Y2K. Why cant they hear this market timebomb ticking? The stakes are even higher.
93. Were both inside companies and outside them. The boundaries that separate our conversations look like the Berlin Wall today, but theyre really just an annoyance. We know theyre coming down. Were going to work from both sides to take them down.
94. To traditional corporations, networked conversations may appear confused, may sound confusing. But we are organizing faster than they are. We have better tools, more new ideas, no rules to slow us down.
95. We are waking up and linking to each other. We are watching. But we are not waiting.
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